Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer worldwide, and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Early diagnosis and management are particularly important, as in most cases, treatment at an early stage leads to excellent outcomes.
The most common forms of skin cancer include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Lesions may appear as new skin alterations or as changes in pre-existing nevi (moles), involving variations in their size, color, shape, or morphology.
Surgical management is the primary treatment and aims for the complete removal of the lesion, while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible and ensuring the best possible aesthetic and functional result.
Consultation Visit
During the visit, a detailed clinical examination of the skin lesion will take place, and a complete medical history will be obtained.
Factors to be evaluated include:
- The location and size of the lesion
- The duration of its appearance and the changes that have been observed
- Previous history of skin cancer
- Sun exposure and other risk factors
Based on the findings, the appropriate therapeutic approach will be discussed, and detailed information regarding the procedure and recovery will be provided.
Where will the surgery take place
The procedure is performed either in a private clinic or in the fully equipped surgical facility of our clinic in Heraklion, depending on the extent and complexity of the operation.
How the surgery is performed
Surgical treatment involves the removal of the skin lesion along with a margin of healthy tissue around it to minimize the likelihood of leaving cancerous cells behind.
Following removal, the specimen is sent for histological examination (biopsy), which confirms the diagnosis and verifies whether the lesion has been completely excised.
Depending on the size and location of the lesion, reconstruction of the area can be achieved via:
- Direct wound closure (suturing)
- Local skin flaps
- Skin grafts
- More specialized reconstructive techniques
Particular attention is given to areas such as the face, nose, eyelids, lips, and ears, in order to achieve the best possible aesthetic and functional outcome.
In cases of melanoma, depending on the thickness and characteristics of the lesion, an additional sentinel lymph node biopsy may be required. This is a specialized procedure during which the first lymph node that receives lymphatic drainage from the tumor area is identified and removed to check for the presence of cancer cells. This examination provides crucial information for disease staging and further treatment planning.
Anesthesia & Length of Hospital Stay
Most procedures are performed under local anesthesia and do not require hospitalization.
In larger or more complex cases, sedation or general anesthesia may be used, and a brief stay at the clinic may be necessary.
Associated risks in skin cancer surgery
As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications, although they are relatively rare. Potential complications include infection, bleeding, hematoma, delayed healing, changes in local sensation, scarring, or minor asymmetries. In some cases, additional surgical intervention may be required if the histological examination indicates that further tissue removal is necessary.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Following the procedure, it is normal to experience mild swelling, redness, or minor discomfort in the area, all of which typically subside gradually over the coming days.
Detailed instructions will be provided regarding wound care, dressing changes, and scar management.
Every surgical procedure leaves some form of scarring. However, the incisions are carefully planned to follow the natural skin lines, making them as inconspicuous as possible.
Over time and with proper care, the appearance of the scars typically improves significantly.
Most patients return to their daily activities within a few days. Depending on the operated area, temporary restriction of certain activities may be necessary until full healing is achieved.
Patients who have previously developed skin cancer have an increased likelihood of developing new skin lesions in the future. For this reason, regular follow-up visits, routine skin self-examination, and proper sun protection are highly essential.